Yimeng Zhao
Abstract: Breast cancer is one of the life-threatening tumors around the world. While some researchers have discovered a strong correlation between human health issues in contemporary society and the medication of breast cancer, a comparison of the impacts of different breast cancer treatments is still lacking in the literature. Thus, for the purpose of compare the therapeutic outcomes of targeted medication therapy, immunotherapy, and surgical treatment, this research gathers clinical treatment data and …
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Sifei Sheng
Abstract: As a new medical field, gene therapy has shown great potential in cancer treatment. This article reviews the principle, mechanism and application of gene therapy in the treatment of breast cancer, and discusses the prospect and challenge of its future development. Mutation, as the common cause of cancer, is the target of gene therapy. By replacing disease-causing genes, suppressing malfunctioning genes, or introducing new genes, a variety of mutation caused disease could be treated... In …
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Xiaoshu Li
Abstract: Cancer, a leading cause of mortality worldwide, poses a significant challenge to public health. The advent of CRISPR-Cas systems has introduced a novel and promising approach to overcoming the limitations of conventional cancer therapies. This review delves into the burgeoning role of CRISPR-Cas in the oncology field, highlighting its utility in both cancer diagnosis and therapy. In the diagnostic realm, CRISPR-based technologies, such as DETECTR and SHERLOCK, leverage the non-specific …
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Ziyuan Ma
Abstract: Sarcoidosis is a complex inflammatory disease involving many systems and its exact cause is still unknown. The characteristic in histopathology of it is the occurrence of epithelioid cell granulomas. The most common type of lymph node involvement is the lungs and chest has risks of other organs. Common diagnostic methods rely on clinical symptoms, imaging, and histopathology. Histopathology is the microscopic study of tissues affected by a disease and is essential for diagnosing sarcoidosis and …
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Jingya Huang
Abstract: Lung cancer, the most lethal cancer form across the globe, accounts for nearly 1.8 million death each year. The high mortality rate from lung cancer underscores the critical need for effective treatments even in the face of medical progress. Currently available treatment options include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and surgery. This study examines the workings and efficaciousness of the last three treatment in NSCLC. The most effective treatment for …
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Xiangyu Yan
Abstract: The DNA double-strand break (DSB) always occurs within genome. The pathways that repair the DSB are essential in keeping cell viability. This review will focus on the recent understanding of TMEJ, especially two key protein factors involved in the TMEJ repair pathway2, DNA polymerase theta (Polθ) and DNA polymerase delta (Polδ), and discuss the potential mechanism of choosing repair pathways when there is a DNA Double Strand Break. We dissect TMEJ's unique mechanism of action, including …
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Jiarui Hu
Abstract: As a critical worldwide health issue, Lung cancer represents one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Grasping the root causes of lung cancer is essential for creating and utilizing effective treatment strategies. This paper will explore four primary causes in-depth: tobacco smoking, KRAS mutation, ALK mutation, and EGFR mutation. Tobacco smoking, the most prevalent cause, introduces carcinogens that damage lung tissue, leading to cellular mutations. The KRAS mutation, …
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Xuanqi Xu
Abstract: Glioblastoma (GBM), an aggressive brain tumor with a high mortality rate, is also extremely easy to differentiate and metastasize, making it one of the most dangerous cancers in the world. The aim of this research was to establish a unique combination therapy that combines surgery and vaccination to treat GBM. This research uses predictive clinical trials and artificial intelligence analytics to summarize and examine the side effects and remedies of combination therapy, thus ensuring the …
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Wenshan Zhang
Abstract: This paper presents an advanced deep learning model that combines a bidirectional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU) and an attention mechanism for predicting blood glucose levels. The innovation of the model lies in its unique structural design, in which the BiGRU is able to capture the backward and forward dependencies in time series data, while the attention mechanism further enhances the sensitivity of the model to critical time steps, thus improving the accuracy of the prediction. This …
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Haochen Zhao
Abstract: The research investigates the possibility of development of a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) expressing the rabies virus glycoprotein as a novel rabies vaccine. The recombinant VSV can show robust immunogenicity, eliciting strong virus-neutralizing antibody responses in both mice and dogs. The oral vaccine formulation proved stable in simulated gastric conditions and induced immune responses comparable to intramuscular injection. Long-term immunity studies indicated high antibody …
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Yue Wang
Abstract: This study investigated the effects of acetaminophen on the regulation of cellular activities and gene expression. Through a series of in vitro experiments, the effects of acetaminophen on cell proliferation, apoptosis and metabolism at different doses were analyzed and combined with gene expression profiling to reveal its regulatory mechanisms at the level of signaling pathways, transcription factor regulation and epigenetics. The results indicate that acetaminophen can significantly alter cell …
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Sixuan Li
Abstract: As the most prevalent immunological population in the tumor microenvironment (TME), tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) are crucial to TME. Simultaneously, acidic environment is a prominent feature in TME. Recent studies have shown that macrophages undergo further division into two distinct types of TAMs, namely M1 and M2, respectively. They are induced by different inducing factors and play different roles in cancer and inflammation. Lactic acid strongly enhances the transformation of …
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Xinye Liu
Abstract: After the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, infections caused by viruses have been proved to be one of the greatest global burdens that causes significant morbidity and mortality over the world. Detecting the virus as early as possible can help achieve early diagnosis of the disease. This will help doctors grasp the precious time of treating patients. Therefore, the rapid and accurate detection of viral pathogens is crucial for the effective control in the spreading of diseases, especially during …
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Zian Wu
Abstract: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have garnered high attention in the field of nanotechnology owing to their distinctive optical, electronic, and chemical properties. Therefore, AuNPs are particularly valuable in the development of advanced sensor technologies. It is well known that the size and structure of gold nanoparticles are significantly affected by the synthesis methods. Therefore, studying the preparation methods of AuNPs is of great significance for achieving controllable performance. This …
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Jingyao Wang
Abstract: The colloidal gold labeling technique has gained widespread popularity in biomedical research due to its versatility and effectiveness. This technology, which has evolved from the use of fluorescence, radioisotopes, enzymes, and other markers, has emerged as a novel biosensor technology with extensive applications. In recent years, colloidal gold antibody labeling technology has been widely utilized in various fields, including biomedicine, food safety, and environmental protection. Its ability …
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Mingwei Cai, Suyu Wu, Yuwei Zhang
Abstract: Malaria is one of the most fatal diseases in the sub-Saharan area, causing more than 200 million people infected and more than 600000 people dead every year. The whole society are working together to develop vaccine to prevent people from being infected. This research will focus on a new whole merozoites vaccine which contains CRISPR-Cas9 based CyRPA protein deficient merozoites. The vaccine is designed to prevent the merozoites from entering the red blood cells so it can stay in the blood, be …
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Zekai Zheng
Abstract: Mumps a highly contagious disease, and it is caused by mumps virus. This research analyzed analyzes the research progress of mumps vaccine, and discussed the main problems faced by mumps vaccine. The live attenuated mumps vaccine has been used in most countries and regions for nearly 50 years since its introduction. Although mumps vaccination was able to greatly reduce the incidence of mumps in the past, in recent years there are many cases of mumps around the world, indicating a tendency for …
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Jiaqi Chen
Abstract: School bullying and cyberbullying are common problems among adolescents, and studies show that both types of bullying are positively associated with symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The focus of this review is to compare the differences in the impact on PTSD symptoms between school bullying and cyberbullying among adolescents. This paper shows the distribution and severity of PTSD among the young participants. Participants in bullying have different roles, such as only victims, …
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Yue Pan
Abstract: Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a condition that affects an individual's attention, impulse control and emotional regulation and is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in our society today. It usually develops in childhood, but some patients who are undiagnosed or who do not receive immediate intervention in childhood continue to have the condition into adulthood, exacerbating their pre-existing symptoms. Existing studies tend to focus more on childhood …
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Yusheng Li
Abstract: Biomarkers can identify viral infection before the onset of symptoms or at an early stage, which can facilitate early diagnosis and isolation of patients, thereby reducing the spread of the virus. In addition, the monitoring of biomarker levels allows the assessment of disease severity, progression, and treatment response, thereby providing key information for making clinical decision. This document provides a comprehensive review of various COVID-19 biomarkers. It discusses how biomarkers can …
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Haoyang Tang
Abstract: Measles, mumps and rubella are acute infectious diseases caused by viral infections in children and caused great harm before the use of vaccines. The Measles, Mumps and Rubella (MMR) oral vaccine indicates a breakthrough in the fight against three infectious diseases which are measles, mumps and rubella. Unlike the traditional injectable MMR vaccine. This oral vaccine does not require an injection, and it can improve patient acceptance. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive …
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Tianyu Ge
Abstract: With the rapid development of science and technology, the treatment of cancer is also constantly being upgraded, but the number of cancer patients continues to grow, this has led to an increasing emphasis on such diseases. Therefore, immune checkpoint inhibitors have become the focus of our research today. In tumor cell proliferation, immune checkpoints develop as one of the ways to assist tumor cells in immune escape, so the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors can activate T cells, reduce T …
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Wenduo Zhang
Abstract: Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of diseases characterized by progressive loss and dysfunction of neurons, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, among others. Neurodegenerative diseases can be studied using epidemiology, which is the science of studying the distribution, effects and determinants of diseases, health conditions and events in a population, as well as countermeasures and measures for the prevention and …
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Jinglan Yang
Abstract: The main purpose of this study is to explore the intervention effect of music therapy on adolescent depression, and to summarize and analyze seven related studies, determine intervention effects and characteristics, identify existing problems, and provide suggestions and directions for further research in the future. In summary, the research results indicate that music therapy can effectively alleviate symptoms of depression in adolescents and can be combined with other treatment methods. …
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Yuyuan Guo, Sinuo Duan, Fangqi Wang
Abstract: Convolutional neural networks have been frequently utilized in computer-aided diagnosis (CAD). Breast cancer image classification is one of the vital applications of CAD. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of attention mechanism in breast cancer image classification. Specifically, this study introduces attention mechanism into the classical image classification deep learning network and constructs a new breast cancer image classification model. Test results indicate that …
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Tony Victor Gao
Abstract: In recent years, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors have gained importance as analytical methods for biomolecular interaction studies in real-time and without the need for labels. This review encompasses the principle of SPR, the kinds of SPR biosensors, and their diverse applications ranging from medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, food safety, and biotechnological researches. Recent advances in the development of SPR-based biosensors, including their multiple abilities and …
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Qiqi Chen
Abstract: Currently, 5-15% of hepatitis B vaccine recipients are non-responders despite the high global coverage 83% of the hepatitis B vaccine. The research of hepatitis B vaccine nonresponse had been going on for some time for the improvement of the vaccine and the objective to eliminate hepatitis B, this paper aims to summarize some of the factors contributing to hepatitis B vaccine nonresponse base of these previous studies after scrutiny. Factors contributing to hepatitis B vaccine nonresponse …
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Yejin Ruan
Abstract: Nipah virus (NiV) is a zoonotic Biological Safety Level 4 (BSL-4) pathogen with a high fatality rate and high risk of transmission, which came into public view during the end of the last century. NiV in human usually results in a series of severe symptoms, from critical respiratory illnesses and acute encephalitis. Pteropus bat species distributed broadly across Asia, Africa and Oceania are the natural hosts of the NiV. Most viral outbreaks are reserved to countries of South and South-East Asia, …
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Wenxi Zhao
Abstract: In recent years, Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors that selectively inhibit B cell receptor (BCR) signaling have become a popular and effective treatment for lymphomas in the public. As the pivotal tyrosine kinase BTK regulates the BCR pathway, BTK inhibitors were developed to block the pathway by binding with BTK thereby relieving the B-cell lymphoma progression. Ibrutinib, the first-generation BTK inhibitor, can effectively inhibit BTK and alleviate various cancer diseases. However, …
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Yanwen Dong
Abstract: Immunotherapy, a truly innovative method in the field of cancer treatment, has attracted a great deal of attention because of its potential to bring about a revolution in the outcomes of cancer therapies. Even though there are many different ways being studied to make immunotherapy even more effective, fully realizing its potential, especially when it comes to cancer vaccines, is still a difficult goal to achieve. This review goes into detail about the different types of cancer vaccines, …
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Yilin Wang
Abstract: Childhood trauma is a major cause of borderline personality disorder. Research shows that most patients diagnosed with borderline personality disorder report unhappy or shadowy childhood experiences in psychological assessments. Attachment may be one of the important mechanisms by which childhood trauma affects borderline personality disorder. Attachment styles have a strong influence on people. People with insecure attachment styles often show distrust of others and extreme language and …
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Shengwei Li
Abstract: This study delves into the intricate relationship between social media and adolescents’ mental health, a pressing concern in the digital era. The development of social media is a product of the times and a reflection of social progress. For individuals, the impacts are diverse. Social media platforms, while promoting social interaction and a sense of belonging, also harbor dangers like addiction and cyberbullying that can negatively impact self-esteem and mental health. The paper offers a …
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Jiaxin Ren
Abstract: An examination of the severe effects that social anxiety disorder (SAD) has on people is presented in this paper. Particular attention is paid to the condition's early start and modest heredity. The prevalence of seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is highlighted by the fact that it is the fourth most prevalent mental ailment, and it often occurs in conjunction with other diseases. An increasing level of self-focused attention (SFA) has been connected to an increase in social anxiety, which …
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Yuhang Du
Abstract: In the following discourse, I will delve into the array of immunotherapeutic approaches. Presently, immunotherapy stands at the forefront of cancer treatments within medical facilities, representing a significant shift in the way to approach the management and eradication of malignant diseases. It encompasses the employment of ICI (Immune checkpoint inhibitors), CAR-T cells (Chimeric Antigen Receptors), and cancer vaccines. Each of these methods represents a different facet of the immune …
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Ruidong Guo
Abstract: Glioblastoma is the most common primary intracranial malignant tumor, classified by the World Health Organization as a grade IV glioma of the central nervous system due to its high mortality, recurrence rate, and morbidity. This disease has difficulty to treat. Currently commonly used therapies, such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, have poor prognosis. Therefore, new treatments are needed to control tumor progression and improve patient outcomes. After years of development, cancer …
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Yuminaga Haruto
Abstract: The incidence of breast cancer has risen dramatically over the past few decades and has become the most common malignancy in women. By 2040, it is expected that there will be more than 3 million new cases of breast cancer and more than 1 million deaths per year. The incidence of breast cancer has risen dramatically over the past few decades and has become the most common malignancy in women. By 2040, it is expected that there will be more than 3 million new cases of breast cancer and more than 1 …
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Haonan Shi
Abstract: Molecular glues and molecular glue degraders appear to be a fast-growing class of therapeutic agents that selectively modulate protein-protein potential interactions and can enhance the selective degradation of proteins. These small molecules are providing the possibility to target proteins that previously thought to be very challenging or inaccessible that are involved in a host of diseases. The present review focuses on describing the basic concepts of molecular glues and the rationale behind …
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Jiayun Pan
Abstract: Semaglutide is a gluten-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonist which is responsible for improving blood sugar control and losing weight. It is clinically approved by the FDA for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and is designed in subcutaneous or oral dosage form. Some other diseases share common conditions with obesity and diabetes such as a high blood sugar level and insulin resistance. These factors along with some neuron issues are responsible for neurodegenerative diseases. Obesity and diabetes …
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Yunzhen Jiang, Ruofan Wang
Abstract: With the increasing global burden of cancer, the study of tumor biomarkers (TMs) is of great significance as key tools for early diagnosis, disease monitoring, treatment efficacy evaluation, and prognosis judgment of cancer. This study focuses on the five major tumor types: lung cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, female breast cancer, and gastric cancer. By screening and integrating relevant data on the clinVar website, this article classified, quantified, and analyzed the differences in …
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Tianyi Zeng
Abstract: Oral cancer is one of the common malignant tumors of the head and neck. The survival rate in the late stage is about 50%. At present, more and more immunotherapy is gradually used in the clinical treatment of oral cancer. Some relevant experiments on the efficacy of immunotherapy for the treatment of oral cancer are also actively carried out. However, at present, there is a lack of the latest experimental data on the review of immunotherapy for oral cancer, and the classification method is quite …
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Yike Duan, Xinyue Lv
Abstract: Borderline personality disorder is characterized by generally unstable patterns in emotional regulation, impulse control, interpersonal relationships, and self-image. It is always accompanied by some associated disorders, such as problematic alcohol use and self-harm. The cause of borderline personality disorder is well understood, with genetic factors and childhood abuse both contributing, and it is more common in women than in men. In this study, we also investigated the neuroscientific aspect …
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Kaize Yan
Abstract: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive and recurrent brain tumor for which traditional treatments often yield limited success. According to recent research, cancer stem cells (CSCs) are essential for the development, spread, and resistance to treatment of GBM. This review systematically explores the critical roles of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in glioblastoma (GBM), especially through the regulation of Notch, Wnt, and Hh signaling pathways. The maintenance of CSC properties is primarily …
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Xinyan Zhang
Abstract: The cancerous microcosm, known as the tumor micro-environment (TME), encompasses a highly intricate network where a multitude of cells and their emitted substances significantly contribute to the development and advancement of malignant growths. The role of TAMs in the TME has been increasingly valued. Owing to its significant plasticity, it typically divides into pro-inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2. Within TME, TAMs typically show polarization towards M2. Antibodies are used by PD-1/L1 …
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Yang Yu
Abstract: The immunosuppressive response of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in tumor microenvironment (TME) has become an important area of tumor research. Among them, arginase 1 (ARG1), as a key immunosuppressive molecule in MDSCs, inhibits T cell function by consuming L-arginine, producing polyamines and secreting immunosuppressive cytokines, thereby promoting tumor immune escape. This article first briefly introduces the background and mechanism of action of MDSCs, and then systematically …
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Fan Yang
Abstract: Glioma is one of the most invasive primary brain tumors, and the exploration of its treatment strategies has always been a focus in the field of neurooncology. In recent years, mRNA vaccine technology has shown great potential in the COVID-19 epidemic, and its application in the treatment of glioma has also attracted increasing attention. This article reviews the research progress of mRNA vaccines in the treatment of glioma, including the advantages and challenges of mRNA vaccines, the …
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Jingyi Zhang
Abstract: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a common pathogen that causes acquired pneumonia. MPP is a relatively common respiratory disease, which can be spread through droplets and direct contact in crowded environments. Smokers, infants and people with low immunity are high-risk groups, and the incidence of MPP is increasing year by year under the influence of environmental factors and impaired immune function. Understanding its pathogenesis and identifying predictive biomarkers, while assisting blood or …
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Jingdong Wang
Abstract: Instruments known as biosensors are highly sensitive to biological materials and have the ability to detect concentrations by converting them into electrical signals. High-sensitivity detection of complex biological samples can be achieved by utilizing the specificity and sensitivity of biomolecules. Due to the high sensitivity, high selectivity and important applications of biosensors, they have attracted much attention. It is reported that the materials used in biosensors have a significant …
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You Wu
Abstract: Biosensors serve as key detection tools in many fields, such as clinical diagnosis, environmental monitoring and food safety. Although breakthroughs have been achieved in the field of sensor technology, related issues such as sensitivity, specificity and stability remain unresolved. Recent academic research has highlighted the significant prospects of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as potential solutions to these problems. The MOFs, which are composed of organic ligands and metal ions, have …
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Xinyu Zhou
Abstract: Due to their superior sensitivity and specificity, fluorescent biosensors have become highly effective tools for detecting mycotoxins. This thesis delves into the fundamental principles, material choices, and technological advancements that underpin these biosensors. Special attention is given to the role of aptamer technology. It involves synthetic nucleic acids which is known for the exceptional specificity and binding affinity. The aptamers significantly enhance biosensor performance by …
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Jianing Wang
Abstract: Cosmetics are an integral part of daily life. Nowadays, cosmetics are endowed with more healthcare functions while meeting people's needs for beauty enhancement. Nano-titanium dioxide plays a crucial role in their formulation because of its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. As a new type of nanomaterial, nano-titanium dioxide has excellent properties. This paper explores the properties, preparation methods, applications, and potential hazards associated with nano-titanium dioxide …
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Aorui Ma
Abstract: Biomimetic solid-state nanopore is a nano-level technology, which can be effectively used for many detection work, including DNA sequencing. The design of biomimetic solid-state nanopore is inspired by biological ion channels. Biomimetic solid-state nanopore displays many advantages. It can increase the processing characteristics while it can also ensure the performance of similar biological ion channels. It also exhibits controllable surface chemical properties, making biomimetic solid …
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Sihua Chen
Abstract: The increased world population has led to a rise in pollution, raising the risk of food contamination and foodborne illness. It is often said that illness enters by the mouth. Food spoilage has always been a great hazard to human health. Therefore, ensuring the safety of food is essential in the pursuit of good health. The advent of nanotechnology has sparked potential in the food industry. Nanotechnology has also shown its ability to reduce cases of foodborne diseases, thereby improving global …
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Pengyu Chen, Yicheng Gan, Jingxue Lin, Wanxin Zhao
Abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by inflammation of the surrounding joints and tissue hyperplasia, which affect all joints in the body. Although RA is generally not fatal, extrarthral lesions may have adverse consequences, which should be paid enough attention to. At present, the treatment mainly relies on anti-inflammatory, analgesic and immunosuppressive drugs, but the problems of relapse and the adverse drug reactions are still faced. This paper introduces the different high-risk …
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Ruihan Zhang
Abstract: With the improvement of people's living standards, more and more people need the companionship of pets, and pet dogs are the largest proportion of all kinds of pets, and the number of people entering the human family is also constantly surging, becoming a member of the human family. However, pet dogs are not always healthy, and a variety of common diseases endangering the health of pets will also break out in pet dogs, which requires strengthening the prevention and treatment of common diseases …
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Ziyan Jiang
Abstract: Kirsten rat sarcoma viral (KRAS) oncogene is one of the most common mutant genes in tumors, especially in non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and pancreatic cancer. In recent years, great success was achieved in targeting KRAS for the treatment of tumors. So far, two drugs, sotorasib and adagrasib, have gotten through the accelerated approval by the FDA. Even so, current treatments are still far from satisfaction due to the inevitable acquired drug resistance and the diversity of …
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Yupeng Deng
Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is predominantly characterized by the accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and the formation of neurofibrillary tangles, which are induced by the hyperphosphorylation of the Tau protein. Furthermore, the pathology of AD extends to include the progressive loss of synapses and neurons, accompanied by reactive gliosis. Mannose sodium capsule is a low molecular weight acidic oligosaccharide compound prepared from Marine brown algae extract. It is an innovative drug …
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Jieyi Wu
Abstract: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common fatal interstitial lung disease.There is no known cause. Its pathogenesis is still unclear, which increases the difficulty of anti-fibrosis drug development. Only two drugs, pirfenidone and Nidanib, are approved for the treatment of IPF, and pharmacological treatments for IPF remain urgently needed.At present, researchers are still working on new drugs to treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.There is an urgent need for drugs to combat …
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Jinghan Zhou
Abstract: Alzheimer's disease is one of the important causes of Alzheimer's disease. The prevalence rate has been increasing in recent years, which is a hot issue for the medical community. In view of the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease is still not exactly diagnosed, the research and development of related drugs is not particularly ideal. Existing drugs mostly stay in symptomatic treatment. However, in recent years, the medical community has gradually turned to causative treatment. Among them, …
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Zihan Chen
Abstract: Berberine, an alkaloid extracted from plants, is used in the treatment of many diseases, has many pharmacological effects, and is accompanied by a high safety profile, which is popular in drug development and has been applied in many diseases. It shows significant effects on cancer, type 2 diabetes mellitus, gastrointestinal diseases, and cholesterol reduction as the inherent properties of berberine have inhibitory effects on these conditions, some by targeting specific steps in the disease …
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Yue Fu
Abstract: Due to the increased promotion of sports and life span in many countries, sports medicine has become an important area for further research and investigation. With the advancement of technologies, tissue engineering is a prevalent topic for future development. Silk has been used for therapeutic strategies in many different areas since the Neolithic Age. Silk fibroin is a protein extracted from silk with a special structure with many potentials. This article will focus on the use of silk fibroin …
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Yilin Chen
Abstract: The emergence of the new viruses, bacteria and parasites leads to the widespread infection of the disease. This requires an efficient testing instrument with high sensitivity, high selectivity and rapid speed of detection. The electrochemical method is introduced to the clinical test of a wide range of disease nowadays. Compared with the traditional method of disease detection, the electrochemical biosensor has a relatively better performance in diagnosing disease. Therefore, this work focuses …
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Shujian Li
Abstract: With the development of society, cancer has become one of the major diseases with a high incidence and fatality rate in the world.Scientists have proved that TNF-α,NF-kb and NLRP3 plays an important role in the tumor microenvironment (TME), especially their dual effects in regulating inflammation and tumor progression. However, there is still a lack of a comprehensive understanding of the specific mechanisms of these molecules in different tumor types and their interactions, which also limits …
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Qinzhi Yang
Abstract: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) comprises a prevalent category of malignant neoplasms that present as oropharyngeal, oral cavity, laryngopharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, and laryngeal cancers. Each year, close to a million people around the globe find themselves grappling with these fierce and relentless cancers. Addressing HNSCC often requires a multifaceted approach, ranging from surgical intervention and radiation to chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or a blend of these treatments. …
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Yanxi Chen
Abstract: Compared with hot tumors, cold tumors are a more difficult problem at present. Because cold tumors lack in congenital immunity, it is difficult for ordinary immune examination inhibitors to work. Therefore, how to "ignite" cold tumors as hot tumors is the focus of the current research. At present, scholars have proposed different and corresponding methods for various causes of T cell immunodeficiency. Among them, tumor vaccines stand out from the principle of activating the immune response of T …
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Zaixi Li
Abstract: With the development of modern science, tumor immune microenvironment (TME) has become the mainstream of research. There are many related studies on Th1/Th2, so it is important to bring together such studies. At present, the research on Th1/Th2 mainly focuses on the following aspects: the mechanism of Th1/Th2 cells in TME, the inhibitory effect of Th1 cells in tumor tissues, and the related therapies for Th1/Th2 cell balance. However, there are few studies that summarize the above research …
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Jiani Song, Quan Yuan, Yuxin Zhou
Abstract: T cells play an important role in anti-tumor immunity. Its subset that contains the surface receptor CD8, also called cytotoxic T cells, functions to facilitate tumor cell elimination. Chronic exposure of CD8+ T cells to antigens and inflammation can cause the T cells to lose their functions as well as changes in their surface expressions, named T cell exhaustion (Tex). This article reviews the molecular mechanisms of this cellular process and the influence of the tumor microenvironment (TME) on …
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Mingyue Liang
Abstract: The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in the occurrence, growth, and metastasis of tumors. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), derived from bone marrow precursor cells, exhibit functional plasticity by polarizing into either pro-tumor M2 or anti-tumor M1 phenotypes depending on the microenvironment. This paper explores the advantages and limitations of targeted drug delivery systems using nanocarriers for the repolarization of M2 macrophages into M1 macrophages within the TME. …
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Junyi Chen, Ansong Liu, Yao Yao
Abstract: Immunotherapy is a popular cancer treatment, which mainly focuses on regulating the body's own immune response to achieve the goal of treatment. There are many different treatments available in this field, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. But there are still problems that have not yet been resolved. This article analyzes the research of ICIs, CAR-T cell therapy, and tumor vaccines, summarizes their characteristics and compares them. This study provides a horizontal comparison of …
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Pengjia Liu
Abstract: Plastic product the use of plastic product in our daily life led to the potential risk of microplastic exposure and its health outcome. Recently, much research about the toxicity of microplastic in different animals. The result of the toxicity of microplastic in animals may help people find out treatments and assets the environmental effect of the microplastic. This research concludes the experiment of microplastic exposure in different animals and from different pathways, where the animals …
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Yufei Hu
Abstract: Glioblastoma, as the most severe type of primary brain tumor, presents great difficulties in treatment due to its fast-growing nature, recurrence, and resistance to typical treatment methods. A particularly hard challenge is the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which makes it difficult for many drugs to reach tumor regions in enough amounts for the treatment to work well. Nanomaterials may provide one possibility for enhancing immunotherapy in glioblastoma by improving the delivery of drugs, helping …
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Yuxiang Zhang
Abstract: Meningococcal disease poses a considerable public health burden in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), particularly in the "meningitis belt". Although the rollout of the serogroup A meningococcal vaccine (MenAfriVac) has effectively contributed to a significant reduction in the incidence of group A meningitis, serogroups C, W, Y, and X are experiencing rising infection rates, highlighting the urgent need for new vaccines to address the threat posed by non-serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis. Considering …
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Kerong Pang
Abstract: Gene therapy is a good way to cure HIV permanently. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infected cells depend on host-cell factors. LEDGF/p75 is a co-factor encoded by the PSIP1 gene and it interacts with HIV integrase to help the virus bind to host cells genome. If the PSIP1 gene is knocked out in the TZM-bI GFP cell line using CRISPR/Cas technology, the amount of HIV DNA integrated into the cell will be reduced due to the inability of HIV integrase to efficiently bind and integrate into the …
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Huaping Huang
Abstract: This paper discusses the application of gene editing technology, especially CRISPR-Cas9 system, in the study of gene function and disease mechanism. By modifying the genome sequence at a fixed point, gene editing technology uses specific nucleases to induce double strand breaks, trigger DNA repair mechanism, and realize accurate gene modification. This paper introduces the working principle of CRISPR-Cas9 and its application in establishing gene knock-out and knock-in models, and emphasizes the …
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Rui Gao
Abstract: Immunotherapy against tumors is an emerging field and it is gaining more attention. However, the efficiency of immunotherapy can be hindered by the complexity of the tumor microenvironment. In this paper, the mechanisms by which tumor microenvironment affects immune cells cytotoxicity and how it might suggest new treatment regimes were discussed. In addition, several new in vitro experiments were listed that point to new directions of supplementary treatments to enhance immunotherapy.
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Xuanyue Luo
Abstract: This article offers an extensive examination of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), with a particular emphasis on its epidemiological features, relationship with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, classification system, and current immunotherapy approaches. NPC is notably prevalent in East and Southeast Asia, displaying a robust association with EBV infection, particularly in the non-keratinized subtype. Considering the successful implementation of PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint substance across …
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Wenhan Zhang
Abstract: Cancer is one of the major diseases that seriously threaten human life and health at present, and the number of deaths due to cancer every year ranks in the top 2 of all diseases. In recent years, the malignant tumor is increasing year by year, so it is necessary to explore new therapeutic methods. Immunotherapy of tumor cells is one of the hot topics in tumor therapy, which aims to destroy tumor cells by activating or regulating the immune system of patients. More and more tumor immunotherapy …
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Kawai Qian
Abstract: This work presents an in-depth exploration of black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets, highlighting their transformative potential in advancing cancer treatment. As cancer continues to be a leading cause of death worldwide, current therapies often fall short of delivering targeted and effective treatment with minimal side effects. In response to this need, BP nanosheets are considered to be a kind of promising multifunctional materials for cancer therapy. The work begins with an overview of the …
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Xiyan Wan
Abstract: Glucose biosensor is one of the most important sensors for converting glucose concentration into measurable signal. The use of biosensors for monitoring glucose has significant value in healthcare. It has attracted much attention in recent years because of its excellent real-time detection ability, high stability, minimally invasive and easy operation. Carrier and electron transport medium are important factors which affect the selectivity and sensitivity of biosensors. Therefore, the search for …
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Ziyi Lan
Abstract: Molecular imprinting technology (MIT) is an artificial method for preparing polymers with specific recognition of target molecules. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been widely used in electrochemical sensors due to their simple preparation, good stability, and molecular recognition function. Especially in drug analysis, MIPs-based electrochemical sensors have become a research hotspot. Therefore, this work focuses on MIPs-based electrochemical sensors. The performance of MIPs is …
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Kun Liu
Abstract: With the increasing awareness of healthcare, research on food safety has become a focus of researchers. Pesticide residues, veterinary drug residues, heavy metals, and food additives in the food caught the attention of researchers. Therefore, achieving accurate and rapid detection of target objects in food is of great significance for maintaining physical health of human beings. Detecting these target objects based on sensors is an effective way for people to ensure food safety. However, the …
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Juncheng Xie
Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the gradual decline in cognitive function, and its complex pathological mechanisms remain incompletely understood. As an interdisciplinary field that integrates multimodal data, neuroinformatics has played a crucial role in Alzheimer’s disease research in recent years. This review systematically explores the application of neuroinformatics in Alzheimer’s disease research, covering key databases and resources (e.g., ADNI …
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Tianhao Wang
Abstract: Dementia is a group of diseases that affect brain function and lead to a decline in cognitive abilities. Some types involve the gradual loss of function in brain neurons, such as Alzheimer's disease, which is characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive dysfunction and is one of the most common neurodegenerative dementias. The growing prevalence, particularly in aging populations, underscores the need for enhanced diagnostic and therapeutic stproportiongies. The application of …
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Shuting Zhu
Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a significant genetic component, making the identification of genetic risk factors critical for predicting disease onset and progression. This review explores the genetic characteristics associated with AD, focusing on key genes such as APOE, APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, and their roles in amyloid deposition, tau tangles, and overall disease pathology. By utilizing genetic databases like the Alzheimer’s Disease …
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Yiyi Liu
Abstract: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness and paralysis. While significant advances have been made in understanding the pathophysiology of ALS, there is still no curative treatment, and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) has emerged as a powerful tool to analyze the transcriptome, providing critical insights into gene expression …
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Jiayi Zhang
Abstract: According to data from the National Health Commission, as of July 23, 2022, China's full basic immunization rate was 89.7% and booster immunization rate was 71.7%. Among them, the vaccination rate of at least one dose of vaccine for the elderly over 60 years old was 89.6%, the full immunization rate was 84.7%, and the booster immunization rate was 67.3%, and the new crown vaccine has almost reached market saturation. The Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia background, the vaccine industry is facing the …
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Dongju Wei
Abstract: Ginseng is characterized by low toxicity, multi-targeting and enhancement of body immunity in its anti-cancer effects. Ginsenosides are natural effective anti-cancer components, mainly consisting of diol-type, triol-type, and oleanolic acid-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosides are bio absorbed by intestinal flora through "Rb1-Gibberellin XVII-F2-CK-PPD", "Rb2-Rd-F2-CK-PPD", "Rg3-Rh2-PPD" and other pathways. It can be converted into saponins ck, Rh1, Rh2, Rc, PPD and other active ingredients. …
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Longyu Xiao
Abstract: Achieving rapid and accurate DNA sequencing is of great clinical value for the detection of many infectious diseases. By determining the nucleic acid sequence of the sample, DNA sequencing can achieve rapid and accurate identification of infectious diseases. Moreover, this method has high detection flux and short time consumption, and it is increasingly used in clinical diagnosis and epidemic prevention. This Review discusses recent advancements in nanopore fabrication and sensing strategies. In …
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Tiancheng Ni
Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC), with the second fatality rate and the third incidence rate, is among the most prevalent malignant tumors worldwide. Therefore, it is an important task to find targeted drugs for colorectal cancer clinic therapy. Protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 11 (PTPN11) encodes SHP2, a non-receptor tyrosine phosphatase, which is widely expressed in a variety of tissues and cells in the human body. In recent years, a number of studies have shown that SHP2 plays an …
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Teng Wang
Abstract: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and its diagnosis and treatment face many challenges. In recent years, the combination of imaging techniques and molecular markers has made remarkable progress in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Imaging techniques such as CT, MRI and PET-CT can provide anatomical and functional information of tumors, while molecular markers such as EGFR and HER2 play a key role in tumor diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. However, how to effectively combine …
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Yue Yuan
Abstract: Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly heterogeneous tumor, and TME plays a key role in tumorigenesis and progression. TME is composed of immune cells, CAF and ECM, which regulate the growth, invasion and metastasis of GC through complex interactions. Immune escape mechanisms, such as the activation of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, weaken the body's anti-tumor immune response and lead to further proliferation of tumor cells. In addition, high density of immunosuppressive cells and active CAF are strongly …
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Bangyu Li
Abstract: The most common type of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), is characterized by plaques of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and then tangles of tau protein aggregating in the brain, causing neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. The association between neuroinflammation and the pathogenesis of AD has come to be increasingly well acknowledged. This review discusses the inflammatory pathways involved in AD, focusing on microglia and astrocytes, as well as the involvement of various proinflammatory cytokines …
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Wing Hei Wong
Abstract: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a prevalent and challenging mental health condition characterized by persistent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions). Traditional treatment modalities, including pharmacotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapies, fail to alleviate symptoms in around half of the patients, necessitating the exploration of alternative therapeutic options. Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) has emerged as a promising intervention for …
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Yiguo Wan
Abstract: Aspirin, everyone knows it is an anti-inflammatory drug, has great promise mostly for the prevention and treatment of cancer by using a number of methodologies. Its anti-cancer property come from its induction of apoptosis, inhibition of cell growth, and disruption of important signaling pathways. By exploring the mechanisms through which aspirin affects cancer cells, particularly having the impact on signaling pathways like non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), and controlling the activity of platelets. It …
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Xinrui Jiang
Abstract: Meloxicam is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with anti-inflammatory effects, and its anti-tumour effects have been the subject of considerable attention in recent years. This research provides a comprehensive analysis of the studies on the anti-tumour aspects of meloxicam, including the mechanism of anti-tumour action, basic pharmacokinetic studies, and an evaluation of the safety profile. The anti-tumour mechanism of meloxicam is primarily characterized by the inhibition of the …
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Jiarui Han
Abstract: A powerful toxin, cyanide can be ingested accidentally or on purpose. By attaching to cytochrome oxidase in mitochondria, it prevents ATP synthesis and forces cells into anaerobic metabolism even in the presence of sufficient oxygen. Headache, lightheadedness, and dyspnea are the initial signs of cyanide poisoning, which can escalate to seizures and unconsciousness. Sodium nitrite, sodium thiosulfate, and hydroxocobalamin are effective therapies for cyanide poisoning. Research has demonstrated …
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Zihan Hu
Abstract: Cancer, a term that strikes fear and concern in the hearts of millions around the globe, stands as one of the most formidable diseases of our time. It has been responsible for an alarming escalation in the number of fatalities annually, casting a dark shadow over the world’s health statistics. The insidious nature of cancer is further highlighted by the fact that it is no longer confined to the elderly, and it is increasingly affecting younger individuals, defying traditional age-related …
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Jiayi Li
Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) treatment is one of the focuses of current medical research. Researchers have made progress in exploring the pathogenesis and treatment for AD, especially with disease-modifying therapies, cognitive enhancers, and medications for neuropsychiatric symptoms. However, there is still a research gap on how to effectively combine these drugs to improve the quality of life for AD patients. Therefore, this research aims to explore the effects of three drugs on AD, including …
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Shiqi Wu
Abstract: In recent years, the increasingly serious plastic waste pollution has gradually become a global problem. Microplastics (MPs) as an emerging pollutant has received attention. MPs are toxic to humans and many other organisms, and they can accumulate in organisms and amplify their toxic effects through the food chain, thus causing damage to marine biodiversity. Moreover, the seafood provided by the ocean is an important source of food for human beings, and MPs accumulated in fish and crustaceans …
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Zhe Yin
Abstract: The incidence of muscle strain is mainly due to the athletes' exercise intensity is large, and the symptoms of muscle strain often appear. According to the combination of the data in this paper, the incidence of muscle strain is high due to the high intensity of athletics and the large physiological load, and the muscle strain is still increasing gradually. Muscle strain will not only affect the athletes' training and competition results, the improper handling will affect the recovery of injured …
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Haoqian Xu
Abstract: Teenagers are starting to participate in sports in greater numbers due to the recent expansion in the sports business and the spectacular holding of the Olympics in Paris. However, sports injuries during the sports process are also an unavoidable problem, such as tibial tuberosity osteochondritis (OSD), which is a high-incidence disease among adolescent athletes and is troubling many teenagers. The youth population represents the future of a country. Therefore, it is crucial to help them avoid …
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Yixuan Liu
Abstract: 目的： 本研究的目的是确定术后疼痛水平是否降低，并检查主动和被动运动对全膝关节置换术 （TKA） 后膝关节功能恢复的影响。方法： 采用前瞻性研究设计，将我院接受 TKA 的 204 例患者随机分配到连续被动运动 （CPM） 组或受控主动运动 （CAM） 组，每组 102 例患者。两组都接受了两组相同的标准锻炼方案。所有患者在术前、术后和出院后均进行评估。评估指标包括运动范围 （ROM）、西安大略大学和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数 （WOMAC）、视觉模拟量表 （VAS）、膝关节社会功能评分 （KSS） 和简式健康调查 （SF-36）。结果： 术后 1.5 个月和 3 个月，两组屈曲角度差异有统计学意义 （P<0.05）。术后 3 个月和 6 个月，结果显示使用 WOMAC 评分的组疼痛评分存在统计学意义差异 （P<0.05）。其他指标显示两组都有所改善。结论： CAM 组和 CPM 组均显著改善了 TKA 后患者的恢复情况;然而，CAM 组在膝关节屈曲、疼痛缓解和生活质量改善方面表现出卓越的结果。
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Yun He, Jiahao Wang, Zongheng Yang
Abstract: Currently, meniscus injury has become a common disease among sports and fitness enthusiasts in China, with root meniscus injury accounting for a larger proportion, which damage impairs load distribution throughout the knee joint, reducing the surface area to bear the load and making patients susceptible to early degenerative changes that alter their daily activities. This injury has been ignored for a long time, and in recent years people have begun to pay more attention to it. However, the …
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Yuyao Ba, Daixin Du, Jiefu Hu
Abstract: In contemporary society, health and fitness have received more and more attention and become an important venue for the public to pursue physical health and good posture. However, in the actual fitness exercise, because most exercisers lack the correct cognition of their own athletic ability, physical condition and movement norms, in the daily exercise process, there will often be unpredictable sports injuries. At the same time, the lack of professional knowledge in the self-treatment of injury …
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Ziyang Zhou
Abstract: Multiple myeloma (MM), being a hematological tumor with a high incidence, has seriously threatened people's health and drawn the attention of numerous research. In recent years, along with the continuous advancement of research, an increasing number of technologies have been utilized in the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of MM, and the approaches for the diagnosis and prognosis assessment of MM have become increasingly diversified. Cytogenetic detection, molecular biology detection, …
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Xu Han
Abstract: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common chronic degenerative bone and joint disease characterized by knee degeneration, pain, stiffness and knee dysfunction. The global prevalence of KOA has been gradually increasing with the aging of society and changes in lifestyle, rising by nearly 50% in the last 30 years, causing a heavy health and economic burden to patients, families and society. KOA cannot be completely cured at present, and all relevant guidelines recommend non-surgical and …
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Haoyan Lin
Abstract: After peripheral nerve injury (PNI), axial buds emerge from the proximal end of the injured area, providing nerve supply to the skin and muscles of the injured area. Lower nerve regeneration, however, may result from sluggish axonal renewal. As a result, it could take a while for the skin and muscles in the wounded area to regain innervation from the proximal nerves. PNI generally does not threaten the patient's life, but it may cause atrophy in muscles that have lost nerve control. Long term …
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Junqi Xu
Abstract: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) plays a very important role in maintaining the stability of the knee joint, which is easy to cause instability of the knee joint and seriously affect the motor function of patients. ACL reconstruction is a widely performed surgical procedure aimed at restoring knee stability and function following ACL injury. Despite its success, postoperative complications such as graft failure, arthrofibrosis, and post-traumatic osteoarthritis can significantly impact …
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Yao Sang
Abstract: Background and Objective: GLP-1RAs can effectively prevent hepatic steatosis. It was to investigate the mechanism by which the GLP-1RA Liraglutide ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its impact on PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway. Materials and Methods: eight-week-old, clean-grade male C57BL/6J mice were assigned to Normal group (NG, fed standard chow), NAFLD group (high-calorie, high-cholesterol), and Liraglutide group (LG, high-calorie, high-cholesterol for 12 weeks + Liraglutide …
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Tian Liao
Abstract: As the global trend of aging accelerates, smart elderly care has become an important solution for improving the quality of life for older adults. This paper explores the application of computer technology in smart elderly care communities, analyzing how information technology, communication technology, and IoT collectively enhance health management, social interaction, and independence for seniors. Through case studies of multiple smart elderly care communities and supporting statistical data, …
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Jiayue Qiao, Furong Wu
Abstract: Triple negative BC (TNBC) is a malignant tumor with high invasion, high incidence rate and poor prognosis. The mechanism of T cells in its microenvironment and the potential application of immunotherapy have become the focus of current research. Research has shown that the tumor microenvironment of TNBC is highly heterogeneous, and T cells, as core members of the immune system, play a crucial role in the anti-tumor process by recognizing and clearing tumor cells. However, T cell activity is …
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Ruihan Liu
Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has attracted attention from scientists since every year thousands of patients are suffering from this. AD, as the primary cause of dementia, holds 60%–80% of all cases and is associated with deficient cholinergic neurotransmission. The path of discovering methods to tackle it is still a long way to go, because there is not such a method to completely heal this disease and as for drugs therapy. There are some drugs including tacrine, donepezil, galantamine and …
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Zian Ding
Abstract: A particular subtype of breast cancer known as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is distinguished by the lack of ER, PR, and HER2 expression, culminating in HER2-targeted therapy with a poor prognosis and inadequate conventional hormone therapy. With the growing comprehension of the biological traits of TNBC in recent years, treatment strategies have gradually developed, particularly the use of mAb medications, which has renewed optimism for the treatment of TNBC. Because of its high …
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Shuxiu Ding, Ruoqi Li, Yuxin Sun
Abstract: At present, CVDs are a crucial problem that has puzzled many researchers for a long period. It has a high fatality rate because it will cause many complications and adverse effects on metabolism. Many side effects of pharmaceutical drugs are very serious because the majority of medicine that treat CVDs are western medicines. Pathogenic factors could not be inhibited effectively and the appropriate target spot was not discovered. However, more and more new technologies and drugs have developed …
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Jiahao Qian
Abstract: Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have gained prominence in cancer treatment due to their targeted therapeutic mechanisms, offering fewer side effects compared to traditional chemotherapy. Despite the advancement in original mAb-based anticancer drugs, the high costs associated with these therapies pose a significant challenge, especially for low- and middle-income countries. This has led to an increased focus on developing biosimilars, which are more affordable alternatives with similar therapeutic …
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Leer Zhu
Abstract: Poisonous mushrooms act as decomposers in the ecosystem. Because of their confusing resemblance to common mushrooms, they are often eaten inadvertently and cause serious poisoning. Different poisonous mushrooms contain different kinds of toxins, such as goitrogens and umbrella toxins. Poisoning can cause irreversible damage to organs such as the liver and kidneys. Clinical symptoms and duration of poisoning vary among different types of poisonous mushrooms in different regions. The most common …
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Ao Chen
Abstract: Dioxins are one of the most potent environmental toxins known. They are commonly associated with industrial activities such as waste incineration, pulp bleaching and chemical synthesis processes. Their toxicity stems from the fact that dioxins can activate the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), thereby triggering a series of harmful biological responses, including carcinogenicity, immunosuppression, endocrine disruption and reproductive toxicity. Dioxins and their analogues are a growing …
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Ching Catherine Wen
Abstract: Tacrolimus (FK 506), a lipophilic 23-member macrolide lactone, is a potent calcineurin inhibitor immunosuppressive drug and primarily acts as acute antirejection maintenances after organ transplantation. Tacrolimus has narrow therapeutic index, large inter and intra patient variability in pharma-kinetics profile and poor oral availability due its poor solubility, which indicate hardships in determination of its optimum dose to patients. Interactions with P-glycoprotein also contributes to …
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Junjie Hou, Ruixuan Li, Haoming Wang, Zihao Wang
Abstract: Anatomically, the knee joint is the most complex joint in the human body. It consists of the medial and lateral condyles of the femur, the medial and lateral condyles of the tibia, and the patella. From the perspective of kinematics, the knee joint is one of the most critical joints to complete various actions in the human movement. Due to these two characteristics, it has also become a high incidence of sports injuries. Especially in sports activities, sports knee injury is extremely common, so …
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Wenjie Luo
Abstract: This investigation aims to assess the impact of inadequate glycemic control on the occurrence of postoperative retear in patients diagnosed with rotator cuff pathology, with a particular focus on individuals with a pre-existing diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. A retrospective analysis was performed on a sample cohort consisting of 60 diabetic patients who had undergone arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Glycemic control was deemed suboptimal in 32 subjects, characterized by a glycosylated …
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Zeyue Yu, Yi Hu
Abstract: Plant polysaccharides are a class of widely distributed biomolecules with significant and diverse bioactivities, such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial and immunoregulation, making them promising candidates for anti-tumor biopharmaceuticals. In this review, recent advancements in the anti-tumor research of plant polysaccharides are summarized from three perspectives: the inherent anti-tumor activity of plant polysaccharides, the enhancement of this activity through …
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Tong Xu
Abstract: This study aimed to explore the application of bevacizumab in breast cancer treatment. We reviewed the research progress and current status of bevacizumab, analyzed its mechanism of action, and introduced protein expression analysis to further investigate its therapeutic effect. Bevacizumab is an angiogenesis inhibitor that prevents tumor growth by binding to and blockingvascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Data were obtained derived from the United States Society of Clinical Oncology …
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Jianzhang Li, Zixuan Zhao
Abstract: As single-cell sequencing technology has gradually become a popular method for obtaining effective data in biology, the experimental steps corresponding to different experimental goals are also very different, which often causes researchers to make mistakes in choosing data processing methods. In response to this situation, this paper selects a part of the NeurIPS 2021 benchmark dataset of openproblem because the data processing difficulty is moderate, the data noise is low, and the dataset is …
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Ya Gao
Abstract: Aspirin has attracted attention for its potential to prevent cancer, especially for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Historically, aspirin can be used for the prevention of cardiovascular disease because of its ability to irreversibly convert acetylcyclooxygenase (COX)-1, which inhibits platelet aggregation. In addition, aspirin can be also used to reduce cancer incidence and mortality, showing a good application for cancer treatment. The evolution of the role of aspirin is explored here, …
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Zhuozhi Liu
Abstract: Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, affect the central nervous system, causing progressive loss of cognitive and motor functions. As the global population ages, the prevalence of NDDs rises, imposing significant burdens on patients, families, and society. Despite extensive research, the diagnosis and treatment of NDDs remain challenging due to the complexity of their pathological mechanisms. Traditional methods, such as experimental biology and clinical …
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Yangxi Pan
Abstract: This article focused on discussing two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), lecanemab and aducanumab, which target at amyloid-beta protofibrils and fibrils as amyloid-beta plaques are considered as the key pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Detailed mechanism of AD including the formation of amyloid-beta plaques and tau protein was explained, as well as the efficacy, benefits and limitations of these two mAbs are discussed. Current studies shown that lecanemab and aducanumab have efficacy on …
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Ziming He
Abstract: Lecanemab, with accelerated approval from the FDA, becomes a notable and promising drug to fight against Alzheimer's disease (AD). As one monoclonal antibody, it is reported that lecanemab can reduce cognitive decline caused by AD by reducing amyloid-beta in patients. However, some concerns, uncertainties and limitations of Lecanemab in clinical trials have also been brought out. This study analyses the existing methods to cure AD and researches in clinical phases of lecanemab and relevant …
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Shen He
Abstract: Alzheimer'sdisease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that poses a major health challenge to the aging global population. It is characterized by a progressive loss of cognitive functions, including memory, thinking, and behavioral abilities. Current literature shows that there is a critical gap in effective treatment options, as there are no widely accepted treatments that modify disease progression. This gap becomes increasingly important as the prevalence of AD increases. This …
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Yixin Wang
Abstract: Influenza is a common respiratory disease with severe complications that can be fatal in severe cases. Oseltamivir is a drug that suppresses influenza disease, it can effectively reduce the symptoms of influenza patients but there are also some adverse effects that can affect the quality of life of patients and the psychological status of the treatment process. This article examines the side effects, mechanism of action, trends, and future prospects of oseltamivir, and draws conclusions about …
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Yuhe Chen
Abstract: Cancer remains a significant global health challenge due to its genetic complexity and the diverse mutations, epigenetic modifications, and dysregulated signaling pathways involved. This complexity complicates effective treatment strategies. The CRISPR system, particularly CRISPR - Cas13, presents a promising therapeutic tool, offering precise RNA targeting with high accuracy and sensitivity. This paper examines the potential of Cas 13 in cancer therapy, focusing on four key areas: the mechanism …
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Manli Jian
Abstract: Currently, CRISPR Cas13 is one of the rapid advancement and growing potential in the fields of diagnostics and therapeutics. It has proven highly effective in detecting RNA viruses like SARS-CoV-2, making it an essential tool for identifying COVID-19 variants. However, since CRISPR Cas13 is a newly emerged technology in the CRISPR system, there are still some problems that need to be tackled. This article aims to discuss the application of CRISPR Cas13 in treating COVID 19. Two CRISPR Cas13 …
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Xinyuan Zhang
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has led to over 6.9 million deaths as of August 2024 as a significant global health threat. While advancement of vaccines and drugs targeting SARS-CoV-2 virus has reduced severe illness, reinfection remains a significant concern. This paper explores the impact of COVID-19 reinfection on human immunity and examines possible coping strategies, particularly the advancements in plant-derived adjuvants to enhance vaccine efficacy. The virus's ability to …
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Xindan Xing
Abstract: CRISPR - Cas9 as the third generation of gene editing techniques, widely exists in prokaryotes, and has been widely applied to clinical and pharmaceutical fields. This article reviews the discovery, immune defense process and mechanism of CRISPR-Cas9 and summarizes its application in microbial cells. Advances include achieving gene editing in E. coli, improving defense against phages, and stabilizing chemical production; It is used to modify the characteristics of lactic acid bacteria and …
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Xing Lyu
Abstract: Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent neurotoxin that is predominately sourced from marine animals, which serves a dual role as both a fatal toxin and a potential therapeutic compound. TTX functions by selectively binding to voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs), preventing sodium ions from entering nerve cells and thereby blocking action potential formation. While its toxicity can lead to severe outcomes like whole-body paralysis and even death, TTX’s unique mechanism of action creates possibilities …
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Xin Xu
Abstract: In the field of biomedicine, sensor technology has become an ideal tool for health monitoring and medical services. Electrochemical methods are the most promising candidate technology for the detection due to their simplicity, high sensitivity and specificity. Electrochemical sensors ingeniously combine electrochemical technology with sensor technology. This kind of sensors can achieve efficient and accurate detection. The combination of health monitoring and big data technology poses new …
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Yuye Chen
Abstract: The meniscus plays a critical role in preserving the knee's normal physiological function, which includes proprioception, stabilising the joint, nourishing and lubricating it, increasing the contact area of the articular surfaces and the match between the tibia and femur, and bearing distributed stress and shock. When people are exposed to external forces that cause their knees to twist, meniscus injury may result. However, if the meniscus is removed for resection, the likelihood of developing …
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Yiyang Li
Abstract: As one of the most common diseases of the elderly, the detection and diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain a challenge at the early stage. As the disease progresses, patients will suffer from memory and cognitive loss, which will impair their ability to live independently. The care required for these patients will be costly and time-consuming, placing a significant burden on both the family and society. At the same time, Alzheimer's disease has a complex pathogenesis and there is still …
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Xinhang Ying
Abstract: As fire safety standards continue to rise in all sectors of society, flame retardants are increasingly being used as a key material, such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). PBDEs have become a focus of public and environmental protection attention due to their difficult degradation, easy accumulation in the environment, and transfer through the food chain. This research will investigate the main sources of PBDEs and analyze in detail the migration, transformation and distribution …
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Kexin Wu
Abstract: β blockers are widely used to treat cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, coronary artery disease, and heart failure because they inhibit β adrenergic receptors. These drugs reduce heart rate, myocardial contractility, and oxygen demand, which is essential for managing a variety of heart conditions. Despite their therapeutic benefits, recent studies have highlighted their limitations in diagnostic imaging, particularly in myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), where they may reduce …
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Yige Li
Abstract: This article explores the hormone surge during puberty and its wide-ranging effects on adolescent behavior, mood, and cognition, highlighting the importance of this area for future research. The onset of puberty leads to increased secretion of sex hormones such as estrogen and testosterone, which bring physical, emotional, and behavioral changes by activating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This article provides insights into how these hormones affect adolescent brain development, …
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Shaoyang Wang
Abstract: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, posing a significant threat to global public health. In recent years, with the advancements in molecular biology and genomics, the development of new drugs for CVDs treatment has made substantial progress, particularly in the fields of anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrosis, and angiogenesis therapies. This thesis investigates the mechanisms of action of these innovative drugs and their clinical …
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